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Modeling of Respiratory System
Matoušek, Josef ; Roleček, Jiří (referee) ; Jiřík, Radovan (advisor)
This thesis is concerned with respiration system simulation. The main goal of this studies is to gain knowledge of how human respiration system works, along with selecting proper algorithms and their implementation into mathematic model. These models are realized by Simulink interface, which is part of Matlab environment. Similar models are used for medical technology research, especially for artificial ventilation of the lungs. There is a practical utilisation of these models suitable for illustration and respiration system's biological processes simulation, particularly combined model described in GUIDE graphic interface - also implemented in Matlab environment.
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Design of Emergency Ventilator Machine
Kolaříková, Eva ; Jelenčík, Branislav (referee) ; Rubínová, Dana (advisor)
This diploma thesis presents a design of an emergency ventilator machine used in specialized hospital departments. Aim of the thesis was to evaluate the knowledge resulting from the analysis of current products and apply this knowledge in the final solution. The new conceptual design is focused on improving the continuity of the body of the ventilator with the respect to the stand part and the unification of the aesthetic aspect of the medical device while considering ergonomic and technological parameters.
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Ventilation Support of Laboratory Animals
Daniš, Václav ; Rozman, Jiří (referee) ; Sekora, Jiří (advisor)
mechanical ventilation an inseparable part of almost all surgery, where is anesthesia used. The introductory chapters of this thesis are focus on a teoretical familiarization with the complex issue with artificial lung ventilation. In additional to the history of artificial lung ventilation, chapters included familiarization with anatomy and physiology of lungs, associated with this defined volume of lungs and itself pulmonary ventilation. In the practical part I deal with design of ventilator for used it on laboratory animals.
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Artificial lung ventilation for neonates
Pohořilský, Marek ; Mlkvik, Marek (referee) ; Lízal, František (advisor)
The bachelor thesis deals with optimization of artificial lung ventilation (CPAP) aiming to achieve higher efficiency in use with neonates at neonatal intensive care unit. The content of the thesis is divided into three parts. The first part describes the basic principle of the mechanical ventilation operation, lung parenchymal disease, respiratory care of neonates and patient interface devices. The second part of the thesis focuses on research, which is divided into chapters describing calculation of pressure loss and the experiment itself. The last part outlines a comparison and evaluation of individual interface devices and recommendation of effective practical use.
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Reasons and Frequency of Ventilatory Circuit Disconnection in Patients on Artificial Pulmonary Ventilation
Ševčíková, Klára ; Línková, Šárka (advisor) ; Kravcová, Kateřina (referee)
The thesis deals with the reasons for disconnecting the ventilation circuit and the frequency of individual causes. It is part of a broader and more comprehensive study whose common goal is to combat ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). The theoretical part of the thesis briefly describes the definition of VAP and its preventive elements. However, it highlights the conflict between manufacturers' recommendations and the results of the latest studies regarding the interval for replacing individual components of the ventilation circuit. Furthermore, it draws attention to the limited and insufficient emphasis placed on this issue both in the theoretical sphere and in clinical practice. The practical part of the thesis presents the results of the conducted observation, whose main objective is to identify the most common cause of ventilation circuit disconnection. The assumption was a high proportion of the frequency of replacing individual circuit components,especiallythe passive heat and moisture exchanger,which was confirmed by the results of the research survey. Another objective was to observe hygiene practices in the care of the ventilation circuit, which had not been fully defined before. Equally important was the establishment of foundations for creatingstandardized procedures and highlighting...
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High flow nasal oxygen therapy as an alternative to mechanical ventilation in COVID+ patients in intensive care
Čermáková, Radka ; Juřena, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Ďásková, Pavla (referee)
Keywords: Oxygen therapy; Artificial lung ventilation; High-flow; Covid-19; Treatment of respiratory disease This thesis deals with supportive respiratory, ventilation, and non-invasive techniques of respiratory support related to the global Covid-19 pandemic that affected the lives of many people between 2020 and 2021. During this pandemic, high-flow nasal oxygen therapy (High- flow) emerged as a possible alternative to artificial lung ventilation in Covid-positive patients. The thesis addresses the issues related to the high-flow device, the experiences of nurses with it, and whether it can be an alternative to artificial lung ventilation for Covid-positive patients in intensive care. The theoretical part characterizes topics such as oxygen therapy, artificial lung ventilation, high-flow, Covid-19, treatment of respiratory disease, and the Hacor score. The empirical part is based on two conducted quantitative studies. The aim of the first quantitative survey was to determine whether the nurses are familiar with the high-flow device, its principles, usage, and whether they have received sufficient training on this device. The second quantitative survey aimed to illustrate the ventilation modes used in all hospitalized patients who underwent artificial lung ventilation or high-flow therapy to...
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Problematics of transferring the patient onto home artificial pulmonary ventilation
HRBKOVÁ, Lenka
Home artificial lung ventilation (DUPV) is very current topic these days. It provides great hope for the possible return of a patient permanently dependent on artificial lung ventilation back to the home environment. Due to injuries or the development of the disease, some patients are permanently dependent on the support of artificial lung ventilation (UPV). Staying at home with the support of DUPV brings many benefits for these patients. The theoretical part of the diploma thesis is divided into six parts. The first part is devoted to a historical view of the development of artificial lung ventilation. The second part describes the respiratory system. The third part is devoted to artificial lung ventilation, where in the subchapters the indications for connection to UPV, physiological goals, clinical goals and also the subsequent intensive care are analyzed in more detail. The third part comprehensively describes DUPV. The subchapters are devoted to indications for connecting the patient to DUPV, there are described organizations dealing with DUPV. It describes the application for the implementation of DUPV, preparation before the patient goes home, provided nursing care and equipment and medical supplies necessary for implementation. The fourth part focuses on an overview of social benefits and the fifth part on the implementation. Two goals were set for the diploma thesis: 1. To find out, with what problems, including artificial nursing care, do patients face with artificial lung ventilation. 2. Identify what problems, including nursing care, patients experience with home artificial lung ventilation. To meet the objectives, three research questions were created: 1. What problems, including nursing care, occur to patients dependent on artificial lung ventilation in the Follow-up Intensive Care unit? 2. What problems, including nursing care, occur to patients dependent on home artificial lung ventilation? 3. What are the changes in the quality of life and nursing care of patients dependent on ventilator in the hospital and patients dependent on ventilator at home? The empirical part of the diploma thesis is processed in the form of a qualitative research survey. The method of semi-structured interview with NIP general nurses of an unnamed district hospital, caregivers and patients at DUPV was chosen. The method of self-observation and examination of decurses was also used. The interviews were conducted on the basis of pre-arranged questions with four nurses, three caregivers and three patients. The "pencil and paper" method and the open coding method were used to analyze the interviews. For grater clarity, the categories and subcategories were visualized in graphic diagrams. They were also used to compile three case studies. The results of the research survey show that general nurses deal with nursing care, respiratory care and also listen appropriately to the needs of patients. The most common problem that was mentioned was the implementation of personal hygiene, due to the mental and physical dufficulty for patients. Furthermore, problems with defecation, immobility and problems with gestures and communication. An unpleasant problem was also the irritation of the airways during suction. Patients 'and carers' responses show that the most common problem is dependence on the carer for personal hygiene and excretion. Also problems with falling asleep. Social isolation and deteriorated possibility of communication are also problems. A change in the quality of life and nursing care of UPV-dependent and DUPV-dependent patients at home was also found. The answer to this question is that a hospital stay is physically and mentally demanding. It has been said that being at home is real luck. The opportunity to be with family and be able to do everything by yourself. I believe that the work could serve to improve the awareness of family members of patients at DUPV. The work could be used to collaborate in a GAIA grant project.
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